Road and rail combined transport to seize the road transport market?

Recently, the Ministry of Transport formulated and announced the "Railway Transportation Service Quality Supervision and Management Measures", which stated that to improve the informatization and intelligence level of transportation services, encourage railway transportation enterprises to strengthen coordination and cooperation with other transportation mode enterprises, share information resources, and carry out multimodal Intermodal.

The road-rail combined transport is one of the multimodal transport. The railway is responsible for the long-distance main line transport, supplemented by the short-distance road transfer transport. These two modes of transport are connected and transferred to complete the transport process together.

Compared with the traditional road transport mode, road-rail combined transport has low freight rates, strong timeliness, simple procedures, and unified responsibilities. It can also reduce the risk of cargo theft during transport, reduce energy consumption, improve transport trailer axle efficiency, and relieve urban traffic pressure. Further improve the environment, etc.

The background of the rise of public transport

Road-rail combined transport is not a new concept. In many developed countries, its application and popularization are very perfect. Some countries even regard railway as the main force of freight, and actively develop various modes of transportation such as railways, highways and waterways. A transportation structure that performs its duties and effectively connects them.

On the other hand, due to various reasons, the domestic road-rail combined transport started late, developed slowly, and faced many bottlenecks. However, under the background of logistics cost reduction, efficiency increase, and logistics carbon reduction, road-to-rail transport has become an established trend. Legend has it that The "Iron Boss" also made up his mind to walk out of the "golden house" and walked towards the market aggressively.

1. Environmental factors

Environmental issues are major global issues. As a major carbon emitter, the logistics and transportation industry is naturally the vanguard of reform. Although different means of transportation will have an impact on the environment, there are differences in the degree of impact. According to relevant data, under the same conditions, the transportation volume of railways is 5.2 times that of roads, and the carbon emissions of roads are 7.5 to 10.9 times that of railways. . Therefore, increasing the proportion of railway transportation in the logistics industry is a feasible strategy to improve environmental quality.

2. Transportation structure

The structural contradictions of my country's transportation methods are relatively prominent. The highway has undertaken too many medium and long-distance cargoes and bulk cargo transportation. The average transportation distance has been extending, trailer axle but the average transportation distance of the railway has been declining. Reasonable.

3. Logistics cost

In 2021, the total cost of social logistics in my country will account for 14.6% of the national GDP, which is about 82.5% higher than the 8% in developed countries, and is at a relatively low level in the world. Railway freight transportation has very significant advantages in the fields of price, speed, energy saving, and environmental protection. It is an effective way to further reduce logistics costs and improve logistics efficiency.

4. Limitations of road freight

Although road transportation is flexible, simple and convenient, compared with railway freight transportation, the transportation unit, transportation volume, and the number of vehicles operated by road transportation are closely related to the number of operators, especially when it comes to the transportation of bulk goods. The disadvantages are more obvious.

5. Characteristics of railway freight

Railway transportation is almost unaffected by the climate. It can carry out regular and accurate operation all year round, day and night. The fuel consumption is one-twentieth of that of road transportation, and the degree of cargo safety is higher than that of road freight.

Advantages of road-rail combined transport

Road-rail combined transport is equivalent to the combination of the advantages of road freight and railway freight. It can not only give full play to the advantages of railway backbone transportation, but also give full play to the characteristics of flexible and fast road transportation and "door-to-door" transportation. It has simple procedures, unified responsibilities, and cargo safety. , Save miscellaneous expenses, reduce transportation costs, improve transportation quality, and ensure transportation efficiency. At the same time, from the experience of developed countries, the development of multimodal transport is also the only way to improve the level of intensification and scale of road freight.

Will the road-rail combined transport seize the road transport market?

In the road transportation market with excess capacity, unbalanced supply and demand, and fierce internal competition, the entry of railway freight will inevitably have a certain impact on the market, especially for car owners who mainly run medium and long-distance transportation. Their market share is certain. The market will be preempted by railway freight. After all, the longer the transportation mileage, the more obvious the advantage of railway freight.

However, preemption does not mean replacement. For cargo owners, the use of railway freight also has certain limitations, which is not as flexible as road freight. For some special cargo, such as cold chain, green pass and other specialized transportation scenarios, it may be necessary to To be borne by road transport.

Secondly, railway freight is greatly affected by line coverage, and the goods cannot be provided with "door-to-door" service. Therefore, both ends of railway freight need to be connected by road transportation. The railway has a large cargo load, and the transportation pressure of cargo transfer will also increase, which may require more short- and medium-distance freight vehicles to share. Therefore, short and medium distances may become the main trailer axle field of road freight transportation in the future.

However, once the market share of long-distance freight is divided, the car owners who cannot get the supply of goods will choose to withdraw from the freight market, or choose to re-enter the short-distance transportation market. This also determines the pressure on the short-distance transportation market. Will it become more intense? Still get relief?

It is worth noting that under the general trend of dedicated vehicles, shippers may be more picky about the choice of vehicles. During the distance when the goods are delivered from the wharf or freight station to the shippers, the more professional and meticulous the vehicle may be, the more Therefore, car owners should not blindly favor the "one-size-fits-all" models.

In addition, after the road-rail combined transportation, retail car owners are not recommended to go it alone, because the "small, scattered, and chaotic" transportation mode has advantages in transportation costs, transportation efficiency, and capital flow under the trend of efficient, intensive, and orderly transportation. Therefore, it is also a choice to choose a group to keep warm, or choose to attach to a logistics company in order to survive and develop.